Indian Polity & Constitution — Practice

Question 1

The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on:
(a) 26 January 1950  (b) 26 November 1949  (c) 15 August 1947  (d) 9 December 1946

Accepted Answer

Adopted 26 November 1949 (celebrated as Constitution Day / Samvidhan Divas); it came into force on 26 January 1950.

Answer: (b).

Question 2

The Directive Principles of State Policy were borrowed from the Constitution of:
(a) USA  (b) UK  (c) Ireland  (d) Canada

Accepted Answer

DPSPs (and RS nominations + presidential election method) came from IRELAND.

Answer: (c). (USA = Fundamental Rights/judicial review; UK = parliamentary system; Canada = strong-Centre federation.)

Question 3

Which Article of the Constitution abolishes untouchability?
(a) Article 14  (b) Article 17  (c) Article 19  (d) Article 21

Accepted Answer

Article 17 abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form.

Answer: (b). (14 = equality before law; 19 = six freedoms; 21 = life and personal liberty.)

Question 4

Which writ is issued by a court to ask an authority by what right it holds a public office?
(a) Mandamus  (b) Certiorari  (c) Quo warranto  (d) Habeas corpus

Accepted Answer

Quo warranto — literally 'by what authority'.

Answer: (c). (Habeas corpus = produce the detained person; mandamus = command a public duty; certiorari = quash/transfer a lower court's proceedings.)

Question 5

A Money Bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha under Article:
(a) 108  (b) 110  (c) 112  (d) 123

Accepted Answer

Article 110 defines Money Bills; they originate only in the Lok Sabha with the President's prior recommendation, and the Rajya Sabha can delay them for at most 14 days.

Answer: (b). (108 = joint sitting; 112 = annual budget/AFS; 123 = ordinances.)

Question 6

The anti-defection provisions are contained in which Schedule of the Constitution?
(a) 8th  (b) 9th  (c) 10th  (d) 11th

Accepted Answer

The 10th Schedule, added by the 52nd Amendment (1985).

Answer: (c). (8th = 22 languages; 9th = protected land-reform laws; 11th = Panchayat subjects.)

Question 7

Which Amendment reduced the voting age from 21 to 18 years?
(a) 42nd  (b) 44th  (c) 61st  (d) 73rd

Accepted Answer

The 61st Amendment (1989) amended Article 326 to lower the voting age to 18.

Answer: (c). (42nd = 'mini-Constitution'; 44th = property right removed from FRs; 73rd = Panchayati Raj.)

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a constitutional body?
(a) Election Commission  (b) Finance Commission  (c) NITI Aayog  (d) Union Public Service Commission

Accepted Answer

NITI Aayog was created by an executive resolution in 2015 (replacing the Planning Commission — also non-constitutional). EC (Art 324), FC (Art 280) and UPSC (Art 315) are constitutional.

Answer: (c).

Question 9

The 'basic structure' doctrine was propounded by the Supreme Court in:
(a) Golaknath case (1967)  (b) Kesavananda Bharati case (1973)  (c) Minerva Mills case (1980)  (d) Maneka Gandhi case (1978)

Accepted Answer

Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973): Parliament can amend any part of the Constitution but cannot destroy its basic structure.

Answer: (b). (Golaknath preceded it; Minerva Mills reaffirmed it; Maneka Gandhi expanded Art 21.)

Question 10

President's Rule in a state is imposed under Article:
(a) 352  (b) 356  (c) 360  (d) 368

Accepted Answer

Article 356 — failure of constitutional machinery in a state.

Answer: (b). (352 = national emergency; 360 = financial emergency, never imposed; 368 = amendment procedure.)

Question 11

The ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha is:
(a) The President  (b) The Vice-President  (c) The Speaker  (d) The Prime Minister

Accepted Answer

The Vice-President of India (Art 64) is ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

Answer: (b). Joint sittings, by contrast, are presided over by the Lok Sabha Speaker.

Question 12

The GST Council is established under which Article?
(a) 279A  (b) 280  (c) 266  (d) 301

Accepted Answer

Article 279A, inserted by the 101st Amendment (2016). It is chaired by the Union Finance Minister.

Answer: (a). (280 = Finance Commission — the classic confusion pair.)

Practice — Indian Polity & Constitution

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