Computer Basics and Hardware — Practice

Question 1

Who is regarded as the 'father of the computer'?
(a) Alan Turing (b) Charles Babbage (c) John von Neumann (d) Bill Gates

Accepted Answer

(b) Charles Babbage — designer of the Analytical Engine. Ada Lovelace, who wrote its algorithms, is regarded as the first programmer.

Question 2

1 GB equals how many MB?
(a) 1000 (b) 1024 (c) 2048 (d) 512

Accepted Answer

(b) 1024.

SSC follows the binary ladder: 1 KB = 1024 B, 1 MB = 1024 KB, 1 GB = 1024 MB, 1 TB = 1024 GB. The 1000 option reflects the decimal convention disk makers use — the standard distractor.

Question 3

Which part of the CPU performs arithmetic and logical operations?
(a) Control Unit (b) ALU (c) Registers (d) Cache

Accepted Answer

(b) ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit).

The Control Unit only directs the fetch–decode–execute cycle; registers store; cache buffers. All computation happens in the ALU.

Question 4

Which of the following is a volatile memory?
(a) ROM (b) Hard disk (c) RAM (d) DVD

Accepted Answer

(c) RAM.

RAM loses its contents when power goes off — volatile. ROM, hard disks and optical discs retain data without power.

Question 5

Second-generation computers were based on:
(a) vacuum tubes (b) transistors (c) integrated circuits (d) microprocessors

Accepted Answer

(b) Transistors.

The sequence: 1st — vacuum tubes (ENIAC), 2nd — transistors, 3rd — ICs, 4th — microprocessors/VLSI, 5th — AI and parallel processing.

Question 6

EEPROM stands for:
(a) Electronically Enhanced Programmable ROM (b) Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (c) Erasable Electronic Program ROM (d) Extended EPROM

Accepted Answer

(b) Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory.

The family: PROM is programmable once; EPROM erases under UV light; EEPROM erases electrically — the ancestor of flash storage.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an input device?
(a) Keyboard (b) Scanner (c) Plotter (d) Barcode reader

Accepted Answer

(c) Plotter.

A plotter draws computer output onto large sheets — an output device used for engineering drawings. The other three feed data into the computer.

Question 8

Cache memory is located:
(a) between RAM and the hard disk (b) between the CPU and main memory (c) inside the hard disk (d) on the motherboard's BIOS chip

Accepted Answer

(b) Between the CPU and main memory.

Cache is fast SRAM that holds recently used data so the CPU avoids slower RAM trips. Only registers, inside the CPU itself, are faster.

Question 9

The binary equivalent of decimal 25 is:
(a) 10011 (b) 11001 (c) 10101 (d) 11010

Accepted Answer

(b) 11001.

Repeated division by 2: 25→12 r1, 12→6 r0, 6→3 r0, 3→1 r1, 1→0 r1; read bottom-up: 11001. Check with weights: 16 + 8 + 1 = 25 ✓.

Question 10

A compiler differs from an interpreter in that a compiler:
(a) translates and executes one line at a time (b) translates the entire program into machine code before execution (c) converts machine code to high-level language (d) only checks syntax without translating

Accepted Answer

(b).

A compiler translates the whole program at once (C, C++); an interpreter translates and executes line-by-line (Python). Option (c) reverses the direction — that would be a decompiler.

Question 11

MICR technology, used by banks to process cheques, stands for:
(a) Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (b) Machine Interpreted Character Reading (c) Magnetic Input Card Reader (d) Micro Ink Character Recorder

Accepted Answer

(a) Magnetic Ink Character Recognition.

The code line at a cheque's bottom is printed in magnetic ink for machine reading. Companions: OMR reads exam bubble sheets; OCR converts printed text into editable text.

Practice — Computer Basics and Hardware

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