Science, Technology, Energy & Digital Governance in Rajasthan — Practice

Question 1

Where and when were India's nuclear tests conducted in Rajasthan?

Accepted Answer

At Pokhran in Jaisalmer district: Pokhran-I on 18 May 1974 (the Smiling Buddha test) and Pokhran-II in May 1998 (Operation Shakti).

Question 2

What is CAZRI and where is it located?

Accepted Answer

The Central Arid Zone Research Institute, at Jodhpur, is an ICAR institute that researches arid-zone agriculture, desertification control and dryland farming.

Question 3

Why is Rajasthan a leader in solar energy, and what are its constraints?

Accepted Answer

Rajasthan has high solar radiation, vast unproductive desert land, low population density and supportive policy, and Bhadla Solar Park is among the world's largest. Constraints include transmission capacity to distant load centres, storage for evening demand, water for panel cleaning and land-use conflicts.

Question 4

What is the Jan Soochna Portal?

Accepted Answer

A state portal that discloses scheme and beneficiary information proactively, so citizens can see details without filing an RTI application. It supports transparency and reduces the need for repeated information requests.

Question 5

Explain the role of Bhamashah and Jan Aadhaar in service delivery.

Accepted Answer

Bhamashah created a family-based identity to route benefits through bank accounts of women members of households. Jan Aadhaar has replaced it as a single family identity for direct benefit transfer across many schemes. Together they reduce leakage but raise issues of exclusion when documents are missing.

Question 6

Write a note on the Rajasthan Atomic Power Project.

Accepted Answer

RAPP is at Rawatbhata in Chittorgarh district and is India's second nuclear power station after Tarapur, with its first unit from 1973. It has expanded with additional units, and it supplies power to the grid, though safety, waste and public-acceptance issues accompany nuclear power.

Question 7

Discuss Rajasthan's potential and challenges in renewable energy. (~150 words)

Accepted Answer

Rajasthan has strong solar radiation, vast desert land and wind in Jaisalmer, and is India's leading solar state, with Bhadla Solar Park among the world's largest. Its installed renewable capacity is reported above 30 GW. Challenges include transmission bottlenecks, grid stability with variable supply, storage for night demand, land and water use, effects on wildlife such as the Great Indian Bustard from power lines, and financing. Responses include green energy corridors, storage and hybrid projects, rooftop and farm pump-set solar, and careful siting away from sensitive habitats. Renewable growth can also support industry and green hydrogen, but must be balanced with local livelihoods and ecological protection.

Question 8

Assess the benefits and risks of digital governance platforms in Rajasthan. (~150 words)

Accepted Answer

Platforms such as e-Mitra, Raj SSO, Jan Aadhaar, Jan Soochna and Rajasthan Sampark bring services and grievance redress closer to citizens, reduce leakage through direct benefit transfer and increase transparency by proactive disclosure. They also help the administration track schemes and target beneficiaries. Risks include exclusion of people without documents, connectivity or digital literacy, data privacy and security concerns, and dependence on servers and networks. Remedies are assisted access through kiosks, alternative documentation, strong data-protection rules, grievance mechanisms and audits of the systems. Digital governance works best as a complement to, not a substitute for, accessible offices and accountable officials.

Practice — Science, Technology, Energy & Digital Governance in Rajasthan

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