Embryology & Developmental Anomalies — Practice

Question 1

The trachea and oesophagus arise from which single embryonic structure before being separated?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

Meckel's diverticulum arises from persistence of which embryonic structure?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

A newborn with a confirmed distal tracheoesophageal fistula (Type C) should be actively screened for which of the following, given the VACTERL association?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

Which cranial nerve is associated with the muscles derived from the second pharyngeal arch?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 5

A neonate presents with recurrent infections, hypocalcaemic seizures, and a conotruncal cardiac defect. Genetic testing confirms a 22q11.2 microdeletion. Failure of which embryonic structures best explains this presentation?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 6

A fetal ultrasound shows absence of the cranial vault and most of the cerebral hemispheres. Which neuropore failed to close?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 7

A newborn is found to have loops of bowel protruding through a defect just to the right of an intact umbilicus, with no covering membrane visible. Which condition is this, and what is the key embryological distinction from the alternative diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 8

Why does the third pharyngeal pouch give rise to the INFERIOR parathyroid gland, while the fourth pouch (numerically later) gives rise to the SUPERIOR parathyroid?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 9

A pregnant woman's second-trimester maternal serum AFP is within normal limits. Which of the following can this result reliably exclude?

Accepted Answer

B

Practice — Embryology & Developmental Anomalies

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