Indian Polity and Governance — Practice

Question 1

Passage: After clearing the Lower House, the Bill was taken up by the Upper House, which suggested amendments before returning it.
Which House of Parliament is the Upper House?
(a) Rajya Sabha (b) Lok Sabha (c) The State Legislative Assembly (d) The Gram Sabha

Accepted Answer

(a) Rajya Sabha.

The Rajya Sabha (Council of States) is the Upper House; the Lok Sabha is the Lower House. (c) and (d) are not Houses of Parliament at all.

Question 2

Passage: The Finance Minister introduced the money bill, which, the report noted, could be introduced in only one of the two Houses.
A Money Bill can originate only in the:
(a) Lok Sabha (b) Rajya Sabha (c) either House (d) joint sitting

Accepted Answer

(a) Lok Sabha.

A Money Bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha; the Rajya Sabha may recommend changes but cannot reject or amend it on its own. (b), (c) and (d) are incorrect.

Question 3

Passage: The proceedings of the Council of States were conducted by its ex-officio Chairman.
Who is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha?
(a) The Vice-President of India (b) The President of India (c) The Speaker (d) The Prime Minister

Accepted Answer

(a) The Vice-President of India.

The Vice-President is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. The Speaker presides over the Lok Sabha, while (b) and (d) have no presiding role in either House.

Question 4

Passage: Alleging a breach of his fundamental rights, the petitioner approached the Supreme Court directly under the article that itself guarantees the right to constitutional remedies.
Which article allows a person to move the Supreme Court directly to enforce fundamental rights?
(a) Article 32 (b) Article 21 (c) Article 14 (d) Article 226

Accepted Answer

(a) Article 32.

Article 32 guarantees the right to move the Supreme Court directly for enforcement of fundamental rights. (b) protects life and liberty and (c) guarantees equality, but neither is the remedy provision; (d) is the High Courts' writ jurisdiction.

Question 5

Passage: The report of the authority that audits the accounts of the Union and the states was tabled in Parliament.
Which body audits the accounts of the Union and state governments?
(a) Comptroller and Auditor General (b) Reserve Bank of India (c) Union Public Service Commission (d) Election Commission

Accepted Answer

(a) Comptroller and Auditor General.

The CAG audits the accounts of the Union and the states and reports to Parliament. (b) is the central bank, (c) conducts recruitment, and (d) runs elections — none performs this audit.

Question 6

Passage: The article listed several public institutions, some created by the Constitution and one merely by an executive decision.
Which of the following is NOT a constitutional body?
(a) NITI Aayog (b) Election Commission of India (c) Finance Commission (d) Union Public Service Commission

Accepted Answer

(a) NITI Aayog.

NITI Aayog was set up by an executive resolution, not by the Constitution, so it is not a constitutional body. (b), (c) and (d) are all created by the Constitution itself.

Question 7

Passage: While upholding Parliament's power to amend the Constitution, the Court held that this power could not be used to alter the Constitution's core identity or essential features.
This limit on the amending power is known as:
(a) the basic structure doctrine (b) the doctrine of pith and substance (c) the doctrine of eclipse (d) colourable legislation

Accepted Answer

(a) the basic structure doctrine.

The basic structure doctrine holds that Parliament cannot amend away the Constitution's essential features. (b) and (d) concern legislative competence, and (c) concerns pre-Constitution laws inconsistent with fundamental rights — none is this limit.

Question 8

Passage: The article stressed that although the office is the constitutional head of state, real executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers, on whose advice the office-holder acts.
Which office is being described?
(a) The President of India (b) The Prime Minister (c) The Chief Justice of India (d) The Speaker of the Lok Sabha

Accepted Answer

(a) The President of India.

The President is the constitutional head of state who acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers, while real power rests with the elected government. (b) is the head of government who wields that power; (c) and (d) are not executive heads of state.

Practice — Indian Polity and Governance

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