Population, Agriculture, Minerals, Energy & Industry of Chhattisgarh — Practice

Question 1

State the sex ratio and literacy rate of Chhattisgarh as per Census 2011.

Accepted Answer

The sex ratio was 991 females per 1,000 males, and the literacy rate was 70.28 per cent, with male literacy near 80 per cent and female literacy near 60 per cent.

Question 2

Why is Chhattisgarh called the rice bowl?

Accepted Answer

Paddy is the dominant crop, grown widely in the central plain, and the state holds a very large collection of traditional rice varieties at its agricultural university in Raipur.

Question 3

Name the iron-ore fields of Chhattisgarh.

Accepted Answer

Bailadila in Dantewada and Bijapur, Dalli-Rajhara in Balod and Rowghat in Narayanpur. Bailadila ore is high grade and partly exported.

Question 4

Describe the irrigation projects of Chhattisgarh. (~100 words)

Accepted Answer

Irrigation is largely by canal, and less than half the sown area is irrigated. The Gangrel (Ravishankar Sagar) reservoir on the Mahanadi in Dhamtari is the largest project of the central plain. The Minimata Bango dam on the Hasdeo in Korba serves both irrigation and hydel power. The Tandula, Dudhawa, Kelo, Kharkhara and Sondur projects serve the smaller river basins. Because paddy depends on the monsoon, extending irrigation is central to raising yields and stabilising output.

Question 5

Discuss the distribution of coal and bauxite in Chhattisgarh. (~100 words)

Accepted Answer

Coal is found in the Gondwana basins of the north, in Korba, Raigarh, Surguja and the Hasdeo-Arand area, and holds roughly a fifth of the national reserve. It feeds the thermal plants at Korba and the state's steel and aluminium industries. Bauxite occurs in the northern hills at Mainpat and Jashpur Pat, and in Kabirdham and Kanker, and supplies the BALCO smelter at Korba. Both minerals lie in forest and tribal regions, so their use raises questions of displacement and forest loss.

Question 6

Why is Korba called the power capital of Chhattisgarh?

Accepted Answer

It combines large coal reserves with major thermal stations, including NTPC's Korba plant of 2,600 MW and state plants, and with the Bango dam's hydel power, so it supplies the state and other regions.

Question 7

Name the major industries and where they are located.

Accepted Answer

Bhilai Steel Plant (SAIL) in Durg, BALCO aluminium at Korba, NMDC iron-ore mining at Bailadila (Kirandul and Bacheli), cement in Baloda Bazar and Durg, and sponge iron and rice milling near Raipur and Bilaspur.

Question 8

Discuss the mineral resources of Chhattisgarh and their contribution to industrial development. (~175 words)

Accepted Answer

Chhattisgarh is one of India's richest mineral states. It holds roughly a fifth of the country's coal, mainly in Korba, Raigarh, Surguja and the Hasdeo-Arand area, and about a fifth of its iron ore at Bailadila, Dalli-Rajhara and Rowghat. It also has bauxite in Mainpat and Jashpur Pat, tin in Bastar and limestone and dolomite in the central plain. These resources support a chain of industries: thermal power at Korba, steel at Bhilai, aluminium at BALCO, cement in Baloda Bazar and Durg, and sponge iron near Raipur. However, mining is concentrated in forest and tribal areas, raising issues of displacement, forest loss and pollution. Sustainable development requires community consent under PESA, proper rehabilitation, and value addition within the state.

Question 9

Analyse the population characteristics of Chhattisgarh using the 2011 Census. (~175 words)

Accepted Answer

Chhattisgarh had about 2.55 crore people in 2011, at a density of 189 per sq km, well below the national average, with a decadal growth of 22.61 per cent, which was higher than the country's. The sex ratio of 991 is among the best in India. Literacy of 70.28 per cent lay somewhat below the national figure, with a wide gap between male and female literacy. Scheduled Tribes made up about 30.6 per cent, concentrated in the Bastar and Surguja regions, and Scheduled Castes about 12.8 per cent. Only about a quarter of the population was urban, concentrated around Raipur, Durg-Bhilai and Bilaspur. These features explain the state's policy focus on tribal welfare, women's education and rural livelihoods, and its urbanisation is uneven. Figures are from the 2011 Census and should be updated when new data is released.

Practice — Population, Agriculture, Minerals, Energy & Industry of Chhattisgarh

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