NIOS Class 12Subject library

NIOS Class 12 Physics

Chapter-wise notes, previous year papers, sample papers and Q&A for NIOS Class 12 physics — free, syllabus-aligned, exam-ready.

28 chapters~484 min read totalFree · printable

Chapters

28 chapters — sequenced for revision and exam prep.

All subjects →

Units, Dimensions and Vectors

Understand fundamental and derived units, SI system, dimensional analysis, significant figures, and vector operations including scalar and vector products.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Motion in a Straight Line

Learn about rest and motion, distance vs displacement, speed vs velocity, acceleration, equations of uniformly accelerated motion, relative velocity, and position-time/velocity-time graphs.

nios⏱ 16 minRead chapter

Laws of Motion

Master Newton's three laws of motion, the concepts of force, inertia, momentum, impulse, conservation of momentum, and action-reaction pairs with real-world applications.

nios⏱ 17 minRead chapter

Motion in a Plane

Understand projectile motion, uniform circular motion, centripetal acceleration, angular velocity, and motion in two dimensions with vectors.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Gravitation

Explore Newton's law of gravitation, gravitational constant G, acceleration due to gravity g, variation of g with altitude/depth/latitude, Kepler's laws of planetary motion, and satellite motion.

nios⏱ 17 minRead chapter

Work, Energy and Power

Master the concepts of work done by constant and variable forces, kinetic and potential energy, work-energy theorem, conservation of energy, power, and elastic/inelastic collisions.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Motion of a Rigid Body

Learn about rigid bodies, centre of mass, torque, angular momentum, moment of inertia, radius of gyration, theorems of parallel and perpendicular axes, and rotational kinetic energy.

nios⏱ 19 minRead chapter

Elastic Properties of Solids

Understand stress, strain, Hooke's law, Young's modulus, Bulk modulus, Shear modulus, Poisson's ratio, stress-strain curve, elastic limit, and breaking stress.

nios⏱ 17 minRead chapter

Properties of Fluids

Explore pressure in fluids, Pascal's law, hydraulic lift, Archimedes' principle, buoyancy, Bernoulli's theorem, surface tension, viscosity, and Stokes' law.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Kinetic Theory of Gases

Understand the postulates of kinetic theory, ideal gas equation, pressure exerted by a gas, kinetic interpretation of temperature, degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy, and specific heats of gases.

nios⏱ 17 minRead chapter

Thermodynamics

Master the laws of thermodynamics, internal energy, work and heat, isothermal and adiabatic processes, Carnot engine, efficiency, and the concept of entropy.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Heat Transfer and Solar Energy

Learn the three modes of heat transfer — conduction, convection, and radiation — along with thermal conductivity, Stefan-Boltzmann law, Wien's displacement law, and solar energy applications.

nios⏱ 16 minRead chapter

Simple Harmonic Motion

Understand periodic and oscillatory motion, simple harmonic motion (SHM), displacement, velocity and acceleration in SHM, energy in SHM, simple pendulum, and damped/forced oscillations.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Wave Phenomena

Understand wave motion, transverse and longitudinal waves, wavelength, frequency, speed of waves, superposition principle, standing waves, beats, and Doppler effect.

nios⏱ 17 minRead chapter

Electric Charge and Electric Field

Understand electric charge, Coulomb's law, electric field, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric flux, and Gauss's theorem with applications.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Electric Potential and Capacitors

Master electric potential, potential difference, equipotential surfaces, relation between E and V, capacitance, parallel plate capacitor, dielectrics, and series/parallel combinations of capacitors.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Electric Current

Learn about electric current, Ohm's law, resistance and resistivity, series and parallel combinations of resistors, EMF, Kirchhoff's laws, and Wheatstone bridge.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Magnetism and Magnetic Effect of Electric Current

Explore magnets, Earth's magnetism, magnetic field due to current-carrying conductors, Biot-Savart law, Ampere's circuital law, force on a current-carrying conductor, and moving coil galvanometer.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

Understand Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction, Lenz's law, induced EMF, self and mutual inductance, AC generator, and the basics of alternating current.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Reflection and Refraction of Light

Master the laws of reflection and refraction, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, Snell's law, total internal reflection, lens formula, and optical phenomena like mirages and rainbow formation.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter

Dispersion and Scattering of Light

Understand dispersion of light through a prism, the visible spectrum, rainbow formation, Rayleigh and Mie scattering, and why the sky is blue and clouds are white.

nios⏱ 15 minRead chapter

Wave Phenomena and Light

Explore Huygens' principle, wavefronts, interference of light, Young's double-slit experiment, coherent sources, and the wave nature of light.

nios⏱ 16 minRead chapter

Optical Instruments

Learn the principles, construction, and working of simple microscope, compound microscope, astronomical telescope, and reflecting telescope with magnifying power calculations.

nios⏱ 16 minRead chapter

Structure of Atom

Explore Rutherford's nuclear model, its limitations, Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, energy levels, spectral series, and the quantum picture of atomic structure.

nios⏱ 17 minRead chapter

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Explore the photoelectric effect, Einstein's photoelectric equation, photon theory of light, de Broglie wavelength, and the wave-particle duality of matter and radiation.

nios⏱ 17 minRead chapter

Nuclei and Radioactivity

Understand nuclear structure, isotopes, isobars, isotones, mass defect, binding energy, radioactivity, alpha/beta/gamma decay, and the radioactive decay law.

nios⏱ 17 minRead chapter

Nuclear Fission and Fusion

Learn about nuclear fission, chain reactions, nuclear reactors, nuclear fusion in stars, and the energy released in nuclear reactions using mass-energy equivalence.

nios⏱ 16 minRead chapter

Semiconductors and Semiconducting Devices

Understand conductors, semiconductors and insulators, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, p-n junction, diode characteristics, rectification, and transistor basics.

nios⏱ 18 minRead chapter