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Tamil Nadu (TNBSE)Class 7 Science★ 6-10 marks in the TN Class 7 Term 1 exam through book-back MCQs, true/false and short answers

Reproduction and Modification in Plants

Samacheer Kalvi (TN State Board) Class 7 Science — Term 1 Chapter 5, Reproduction and Modification in Plants. Sexual and asexual reproduction (including vegetative propagation and budding in yeast), the parts of a flower, pollination and its agents, and modifications of roots and stems, with the actual book-back questions, common mistakes and quick revision.

⏱ 15 min readEasy difficulty✓ Free · NCERT-aligned

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By the end of this chapter you'll be able to…

1Differentiate sexual and asexual reproduction
2Identify the flower as the reproductive part and its main parts
3Define pollination and its agents
4Describe modifications of roots and stems
5Give examples of vegetative propagation

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Why this chapter matters

Reproduction in plants explains how plants make new plants and how their parts are modified to survive. Pollination, types of reproduction and root/stem modifications are directly tested book-back content in the TN Class 7 Term 1 exam.

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Class 6 — Plants

Parts of a plant.

Reproduction and Modification in Plants — Class 7 Science (Samacheer Kalvi)

TN State Board (Samacheer Kalvi) Class 7 Science, Term 1 — Chapter 5. How plants reproduce and modify their parts.

1. About this chapter

This chapter covers sexual and asexual reproduction, the parts of a flower, pollination and its agents, and the modifications of roots and stems.

2. Types of reproduction

Plants reproduce in two ways: sexual and asexual.
Asexual reproduction needs only one parent — e.g. vegetative propagation (by roots, stems or leaves) and budding in yeast. Vegetative propagation by leaves takes place in Bryophyllum.

3. The flower and pollination

The flower is the reproductive part of a plant. Its two important parts are the androecium (male) and the gynoecium (female).
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma. Its agents are insects, wind, water and animals (pollinators).

4. Modifications of roots and stems

Roots may be modified for support: climbing roots are seen in betel and black pepper.
Stems may be modified: ginger is an underground stem (not a root); a tendril is an elongated structure that helps a plant climb — in pea, the terminal leaflets are modified into a tendril.

5. Worked examples

Example 1. Which plant shows vegetative propagation by leaves? Bryophyllum.

Example 2. Is ginger a root or a stem? An underground stem.

Example 3. Define pollination. The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma.

6. Book-back questions (Samacheer Kalvi)

I. Choose the correct answer

Vegetative propagation by leaves takes place in — (a) Bryophyllum / (b) mango. Ans: (a) Bryophyllum.
Asexual reproduction in yeast is by — (a) seeds / (b) budding. Ans: (b) budding.
The reproductive part of a plant is the — (a) root / (b) flower. Ans: (b) flower.
Climbing roots are seen in — (a) betel and black pepper / (b) pea. Ans: (a) betel and black pepper.
Pollinators are — (a) insects / (b) wind and water / (c) all the above. Ans: (c) all the above.

II. Answer briefly 6. Name the two types of reproduction in plants. — Sexual and asexual reproduction. 7. What are the two important parts of a flower? — The androecium and the gynoecium. 8. What is a tendril? — An elongated structure that helps a plant climb (in pea, the terminal leaflets become a tendril).

III. True or False 9. The transfer of pollen to the stigma is called pollination. — True. 10. Ginger is an underground root. — False (it is an underground stem).

7. Common mistakes

Mistake: Calling ginger a root. Fix: Ginger is an underground stem.
Mistake: Saying only insects are pollinators. Fix: Pollinators include insects, wind, water and animals.
Mistake: Confusing the flower's parts. Fix: Androecium is male; gynoecium is female.

8. Quick revision

Term 1 · Ch 5 · reproduction and modification in plants.
Reproduction: sexual and asexual (vegetative propagation; budding in yeast; Bryophyllum by leaves).
Flower = reproductive part; androecium (male) and gynoecium (female); pollination = anther → stigma (agents: insects, wind, water, animals).
Modifications: climbing roots (betel, black pepper); ginger = underground stem; tendril helps climbing (pea).

Key formulas & results

Everything you need to memorise, in one card. Screenshot this for revision.

Types of reproduction

sexual and asexual

Budding in yeast; Bryophyllum by leaves.

Flower

reproductive part; androecium (male) + gynoecium (female)

Two main parts.

Pollination

anther → stigma; agents: insects, wind, water, animals

Transfer of pollen.

Modifications

climbing roots (betel, black pepper); ginger = stem; tendril

For support/climbing.

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Common mistakes & fixes

These are the exact errors that cost students marks in board exams. Read them once, save yourself the trouble.

WATCH OUT

✗ Calling ginger a root

✓ Ginger is an underground stem.

WATCH OUT

✗ Saying only insects are pollinators

✓ Pollinators include insects, wind, water and animals.

WATCH OUT

✗ Confusing the flower's parts

✓ Androecium is male; gynoecium is female.

NCERT exercises (with solutions)

Every NCERT exercise from this chapter — what it covers and how many questions to expect.

Choose the correct answer

Book-back MCQs on Bryophyllum, budding, the flower, climbing roots and pollinators.

Questions

Answer briefly

Types of reproduction, flower parts and tendrils.

Questions

True or False

Pollination and ginger as a stem.

Questions

Practice problems

Try each one yourself before tapping "Show solution". Active recall > rereading.

Q1EASY· MCQ

Vegetative propagation by leaves takes place in ____.

▶ Show solution

Bryophyllum.

Q2EASY· MCQ

Asexual reproduction in yeast is by ____.

▶ Show solution

budding.

Q3EASY· MCQ

Climbing roots are seen in ____.

▶ Show solution

betel and black pepper.

Q4EASY· True/False

True or False: Ginger is an underground root.

▶ Show solution

False — ginger is an underground stem.

Q5MEDIUM· Answer briefly

Define pollination and name its agents.

▶ Show solution

Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma; its agents are insects, wind, water and animals.

Q6EASY· Answer briefly

Name the two important parts of a flower.

▶ Show solution

The androecium (male part) and the gynoecium (female part).

5-minute revision

The whole chapter, distilled. Read this the night before the exam.

•Term 1 Chapter 5 of Samacheer Kalvi Class 7 Science.
•Plants reproduce sexually and asexually (vegetative propagation; budding in yeast; Bryophyllum by leaves).
•The flower is the reproductive part; androecium (male) and gynoecium (female) are its main parts.
•Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma.
•Agents of pollination: insects, wind, water and animals.
•Modifications: climbing roots (betel, black pepper); ginger = underground stem; tendril helps climbing.

Tamil Nadu (TNBSE) marks blueprint

Where the marks come from in this chapter — so you can plan your prep.

Typical chapter weightage: 6-10 marks across book-back MCQ, true/false and short answers

Question type	Marks each	Typical count	What it tests
MCQ	1	3-5	Reproduction, flower, modifications
True / False	1	1-2	Pollination, ginger
Short Answer	2	1-2	Pollination, flower parts

Prep strategy

Separate sexual and asexual reproduction
Learn the flower parts (androecium/gynoecium)
Memorise pollination and its agents
Note ginger = stem, not root

Where this shows up in the real world

This chapter isn't just an exam topic — it lives in the world around you.

Farming

Vegetative propagation is used to grow many crops quickly.

Pollination

Bees and other pollinators are vital for food crops.

Gardening

Cuttings and budding propagate plants at home.

Exam strategy

Battle-tested tips from teachers and toppers for this chapter.

Quote Bryophyllum and yeast as examples
State pollination as anther → stigma
List the four pollination agents
Remember ginger is a stem

Going beyond the textbook

For olympiad aspirants and curious learners — topics that build on this chapter.

Explain how a plant grown from a cutting is genetically like its parent.
Compare wind pollination with insect pollination.

Where else this chapter is tested

CBSE board isn't the only one — other exams test this chapter too.

TN Class 7 Term 1 ExamHigh

NMMS / Foundation ScienceMedium

School unit testsHigh

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Questions students ask

The real ones — pulled from the Q&A community and tutor sessions.

Sexual reproduction involves two parents and the fusion of male and female cells (through flowers and pollination), while asexual reproduction needs only one parent, as in vegetative propagation or budding in yeast.

Although ginger grows underground like a root, it has nodes, buds and scale leaves — features of a stem — so it is classed as an underground stem.

Practice more, ask doubts, find a tutor

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