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Tamil Nadu (TNBSE)Class 6 Mathematics★ 5-9 marks in the TN Class 6 Term 2 exam through bill preparation and profit/loss sums

Bill, Profit and Loss

Samacheer Kalvi (TN State Board) Class 6 Maths — Term 2 Chapter 3, Bill, Profit and Loss. Reading and preparing a bill, the meaning of cost price and selling price, and finding profit and loss, with worked examples, exercises and quick revision.

⏱ 14 min readEasy difficulty✓ Free · NCERT-aligned

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By the end of this chapter you'll be able to…

1Read and prepare a bill
2Compute the amount for each item
3Distinguish cost price and selling price
4Calculate profit
5Calculate loss

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Why this chapter matters

Reading bills and working out profit and loss are practical money skills used every day in shops. They are directly tested in the TN Class 6 Term 2 exam.

Before you start — revise these

A 5-minute refresher here will save you 30 minutes of confusion below.

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Term 1 — Ratio and Proportion

Unitary method.

Bill, Profit and Loss — Class 6 Maths (Samacheer Kalvi)

TN State Board (Samacheer Kalvi) Class 6 Mathematics, Term 2 — Chapter 3. Bills, and the basics of profit and loss.

1. About this chapter

This chapter covers bills — reading and preparing them — and the basic concepts of profit and loss.

2. Bills

A bill lists the items bought, the rate (price per unit), the quantity, and the amount for each item, with the total at the bottom.
Amount for an item = rate × quantity; the total bill is the sum of all the amounts.

3. Cost price and selling price

The cost price (CP) is the price at which an article is bought.
The selling price (SP) is the price at which it is sold.

4. Profit and loss

If SP > CP, there is a profit: Profit = SP − CP.
If SP < CP, there is a loss: Loss = CP − SP.
If SP = CP, there is no profit and no loss.

5. Worked examples

Example 1. A pen costs ₹15 each. Find the amount for 4 pens. 15 × 4 = ₹60.

Example 2. CP = ₹250, SP = ₹300. Find the profit. 300 − 250 = ₹50 profit.

Example 3. CP = ₹180, SP = ₹150. Find the loss. 180 − 150 = ₹30 loss.

6. Exercises (Samacheer Kalvi)

Prepare a bill: 3 notebooks at ₹40 each and 2 pens at ₹15 each. Find the total.
CP = ₹500, SP = ₹560. Find the profit.
CP = ₹720, SP = ₹650. Find the loss.
A shopkeeper buys a toy for ₹200 and sells it for ₹200. State the profit or loss.
Find the total bill: 5 kg rice at ₹48 per kg and 2 kg sugar at ₹42 per kg.

7. Common mistakes

Mistake: Subtracting in the wrong order. Fix: Profit = SP − CP; Loss = CP − SP (the larger minus the smaller).
Mistake: Forgetting to multiply rate by quantity in a bill. Fix: Amount = rate × quantity for each item.
Mistake: Thinking equal CP and SP is a small profit. Fix: If SP = CP, there is no profit and no loss.

8. Quick revision

Term 2 · Ch 3 · bill, profit and loss.
Bill: amount = rate × quantity; total = sum of amounts.
CP = buying price, SP = selling price.
Profit = SP − CP (when SP > CP); Loss = CP − SP (when SP < CP); equal = no profit/loss.

Key formulas & results

Everything you need to memorise, in one card. Screenshot this for revision.

Amount

amount = rate × quantity

Per item on a bill.

Total bill

sum of all item amounts

Grand total.

Profit

Profit = SP − CP (SP > CP)

Gain on sale.

Loss

Loss = CP − SP (SP < CP)

Shortfall on sale.

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Common mistakes & fixes

These are the exact errors that cost students marks in board exams. Read them once, save yourself the trouble.

WATCH OUT

✗ Subtracting in the wrong order

✓ Profit = SP − CP; Loss = CP − SP (larger minus smaller).

WATCH OUT

✗ Forgetting to multiply rate by quantity in a bill

✓ Amount = rate × quantity for each item.

WATCH OUT

✗ Thinking equal CP and SP is a small profit

✓ If SP = CP, there is no profit and no loss.

NCERT exercises (with solutions)

Every NCERT exercise from this chapter — what it covers and how many questions to expect.

Bills

Prepare bills and find totals.

Questions

Profit

Find profit from CP and SP.

Questions

Loss

Find loss from CP and SP.

Questions

Practice problems

Try each one yourself before tapping "Show solution". Active recall > rereading.

Q1EASY· Bill

A pen costs ₹15 each. Find the amount for 4 pens.

▶ Show solution

₹60.

Q2EASY· Profit

CP = ₹250, SP = ₹300. Find the profit.

▶ Show solution

₹50.

Q3EASY· Loss

CP = ₹180, SP = ₹150. Find the loss.

▶ Show solution

₹30.

Q4MEDIUM· Bill

Find the total: 3 notebooks at ₹40 each and 2 pens at ₹15 each.

▶ Show solution

120 + 30 = ₹150.

Q5EASY· Concept

A toy is bought and sold for ₹200. Profit or loss?

▶ Show solution

Neither — no profit and no loss.

Q6MEDIUM· Bill

Find the total: 5 kg rice at ₹48/kg and 2 kg sugar at ₹42/kg.

▶ Show solution

240 + 84 = ₹324.

5-minute revision

The whole chapter, distilled. Read this the night before the exam.

•Term 2 Chapter 3 of Samacheer Kalvi Class 6 Maths.
•A bill lists item, rate, quantity and amount, with a total.
•Amount = rate × quantity; total = sum of amounts.
•CP is the buying price; SP is the selling price.
•Profit = SP − CP when SP > CP; Loss = CP − SP when SP < CP.
•If SP = CP there is no profit and no loss.

Tamil Nadu (TNBSE) marks blueprint

Where the marks come from in this chapter — so you can plan your prep.

Typical chapter weightage: 5-9 marks across bills and profit/loss

Question type	Marks each	Typical count	What it tests
Bill	2	1-2	Amounts and totals
Profit	1-2	1-2	SP − CP
Loss	1-2	1	CP − SP

Prep strategy

Use amount = rate × quantity per item
Add all amounts for the total
Compare SP and CP first
Subtract the smaller from the larger

Where this shows up in the real world

This chapter isn't just an exam topic — it lives in the world around you.

Shopping

Checking a shop bill for correctness.

Business

Shopkeepers track profit and loss daily.

Budgeting

Adding up costs to plan spending.

Exam strategy

Battle-tested tips from teachers and toppers for this chapter.

Show rate × quantity for each item
Add amounts carefully for the total
Compare SP and CP before subtracting
State 'profit' or 'loss' clearly

Going beyond the textbook

For olympiad aspirants and curious learners — topics that build on this chapter.

A trader earns ₹50 profit selling at ₹350; find the cost price.
Prepare a bill with a discount on one item.

Where else this chapter is tested

CBSE board isn't the only one — other exams test this chapter too.

TN Class 6 Term 2 ExamHigh

Financial Literacy / NMMSMedium

School unit testsHigh

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Questions students ask

The real ones — pulled from the Q&A community and tutor sessions.

Compare the selling price with the cost price: if SP is greater there is a profit (SP − CP); if SP is smaller there is a loss (CP − SP); if they are equal there is neither.

Find the amount for each item by multiplying its rate by its quantity, then add all the amounts together to get the total bill.

Practice more, ask doubts, find a tutor

Tamil Nadu (TNBSE) Class 6 mock tests

Tamil Nadu (TNBSE) Class 6 PYQs

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Mathematics flashcards

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