By the end of this chapter you'll be able to…

  • 1Identify central themes (faith, irony, kindness)
  • 2Analyse Lencho as a character
  • 3Understand irony as a literary device
  • 4Discuss the postmaster's role
  • 5Connect story to Indian farming context
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Why this chapter matters
Opens the Class 10 First Flight syllabus. Introduces irony as a literary device. Story of faith, hope, and human nature — universally relevant.

Before you start — revise these

A 5-minute refresher here will save you 30 minutes of confusion below.

A Letter to God — Class 10 English (First Flight)

"If you don't have faith, you are nothing." — Lencho

1. About the Chapter

'A Letter to God' is a touching short story by Gregorio Lopez y Fuentes, a Mexican writer (1895-1966). Translated from Spanish, it explores faith, irony, and human nature through the story of a farmer named Lencho whose crops are destroyed by hail.

Why This Story

  • Powerful exploration of faith
  • IRONIC ending (unexpected twist)
  • Indian context: farmers' struggles relatable
  • Foundation for understanding short story techniques

2. About the Author

Gregorio Lopez y Fuentes (1895-1966)

  • Mexican novelist and short story writer
  • Spent childhood in rural Mexico (knew farming life)
  • Wrote about Mexican rural and indigenous life
  • Won National Prize for Literature in 1935

Why He Wrote

He grew up understanding the FAITH and STRUGGLE of poor farmers. The story shows his deep sympathy for them.


3. Story Setting

  • Location: Mexican countryside (rural farming area)
  • Time: early 20th century
  • Atmosphere: simple rural life
  • Main character: Lencho, a poor farmer

4. Plot Summary

Part 1: Hope

Lencho is a farmer who lives in a small house on top of a hill. He looks out at his ripe corn field with HOPE — a good harvest will feed his family.

He prays for rain to bring the harvest to fullness.

Part 2: The Storm

Suddenly, BLACK CLOUDS appear. Rain begins. Lencho is HAPPY — rain is needed.

But then HAIL begins. Large icy stones destroy EVERYTHING:

  • Corn field flattened
  • Beans destroyed
  • Flowers crushed

Lencho says: 'The hail has left nothing.'

He laments: 'We shall all go HUNGRY this year.'

Part 3: The Letter

Despite losing everything, Lencho has ONE consolation — his DEEP FAITH IN GOD.

He decides to WRITE A LETTER TO GOD asking for 100 pesos to:

  • Re-sow his field
  • Sustain his family until next harvest

He posts the letter to 'God' with no return address.

Part 4: The Postman

The postman receives the letter. He laughs but takes it to the POSTMASTER.

The postmaster, deeply moved, decides to HELP. He doesn't want to shake the farmer's faith. He arranges:

  • Collects money from postal employees
  • Donates from his own salary
  • Total: 70 pesos (less than 100)
  • Puts in envelope addressed from 'God'

Part 5: The Reply

Lencho receives the envelope from 'God'. He is HAPPY but NOT SURPRISED — he believes God will help.

He counts the money: only 70 pesos.

INSTEAD of being grateful, Lencho is ANGRY!

He writes ANOTHER LETTER to God:

  • Says God could not have sent only 70 pesos
  • Says the POST OFFICE WORKERS must have stolen the rest!
  • Asks God to send the remaining 30 pesos through a DIFFERENT route — NOT the post office

Part 6: The Ending

The postmaster reads this second letter and is shocked. He didn't think Lencho would suspect them.

The Irony

  • Postal workers tried to HELP Lencho
  • Lencho ACCUSED THEM of stealing
  • His blind faith in God made him BLAME the helpers
  • A cruel twist of irony

5. Characters

Lencho

  • A poor MEXICAN FARMER
  • Lives on a hill with family
  • DEEP FAITH in God (almost naive)
  • Hardworking
  • Cannot read or write well (writes simple letters)
  • IRONIC twist: his faith makes him SUSPECT humans

Postmaster

  • Kind and generous
  • Wants to PRESERVE Lencho's faith
  • Collects money from workers
  • Doesn't think of personal credit

Postal Employees

  • Donate willingly to help Lencho
  • Acts of kindness from strangers

Lencho's Family

  • Wife, sons (mentioned briefly)
  • Worried about the future

6. Themes

1. Faith

Lencho's faith is UNSHAKEABLE. He never doubts God exists or that God will help.

2. Irony

The biggest theme. The HELPERS are accused of being THIEVES. Faith makes Lencho blind to human kindness.

3. Human Nature

  • The good: postmaster and workers help anonymously
  • The questionable: Lencho's ingratitude despite their help

4. Helping Others

The act of helping a stranger — what's the right way? Public credit or anonymous help?

5. Cycle of Misery

Natural disasters devastate poor farmers. Connects to real Indian rural reality.


7. Literary Devices

Irony

The CENTRAL device. What seems like divine help is actually human help. Lencho's response is opposite to what we expect.

Symbolism

  • HAIL = sudden destruction of hopes
  • LETTER = trust and communication with the divine
  • POSTMASTER = unsung helper

Setting

Mexican farm landscape — relates to ANY rural community worldwide.

Imagery

  • 'Black clouds' approaching
  • Hail like 'new coins' or 'frozen pearls'
  • Destroyed crops

8. Indian Context

Why This Story Matters in India

  • 80% of Indian farmers are SMALL OR MARGINAL
  • Like Lencho, they depend on monsoons and crops
  • Many lose harvests to floods, droughts, hail
  • Many have DEEP FAITH despite hardship
  • Indian readers relate deeply

Farmer Distress in India

  • Tragic farmer suicides reported
  • Crop insurance programmes (PM Fasal Bima Yojana)
  • Need for sustainable agriculture

Indian Farmers' Spirit

Like Lencho, Indian farmers show extraordinary RESILIENCE and FAITH despite immense challenges.


9. Important Lines

'If you don't have faith, you are nothing.' (Lencho's belief)

'It looked as though they were covered with a forest of frozen pearls.' (Hail damage)

'Lencho was the kind of man who had complete faith in God.' (Author's description)

'The hail has left nothing.'

'...the men in the post office must be a bunch of crooks.' (Second letter)


10. Common Mistakes

  1. Story is set in India — NO, it's set in MEXICO.

  2. God actually replies — NO. Postal workers reply to maintain Lencho's faith.

  3. Lencho thanks the post office — OPPOSITE! He ACCUSES them of stealing!

  4. Lencho is rich — NO, very poor farmer.

  5. The ending is happy — More IRONIC than happy. Bittersweet.


11. Lessons / Morals

  1. Faith can be both inspiring and blinding
  2. Anonymous kindness can be unappreciated
  3. Acts of help should not always seek recognition
  4. Human nature can disappoint even with good intentions
  5. Story is multi-layered — read more than once

12. Worked Examples

Example 1: Theme

What is the IRONY in 'A Letter to God'?

  • Lencho's faith leads him to suspect the people who actually helped him. The 'God' he thanked was actually kind humans.

Example 2: Character

Describe Lencho.

  • A poor Mexican farmer with unshakeable faith in God. Hardworking, deeply religious, but somewhat naive — leading to ironic accusations.

Example 3: Plot

Why did Lencho write a SECOND letter?

  • He received 70 pesos instead of 100. Instead of being grateful, he suspected the postal workers of stealing 30 pesos. So he wrote asking God to send the rest directly, bypassing post office.

13. Conclusion

'A Letter to God' is a SMALL but POWERFUL story:

  • Lencho's faith is admirable but blinding
  • Postmaster's kindness is silent and selfless
  • Irony drives the story
  • Universal themes: faith, kindness, human nature

This opens Class 10 English with a MORAL TALE. For students, it teaches:

  • READ CAREFULLY for nuance
  • IRONY is a powerful storytelling tool
  • HUMAN BEINGS are complex (even helpful ones can be misunderstood)
  • FAITH and REASON sometimes clash

Practice writing essays on character, theme, irony. This is HIGH-MARK chapter.

'A Letter to God' — a small letter, but a big lesson about faith and human nature.

Key formulas & results

Everything you need to memorise, in one card. Screenshot this for revision.

Author
Gregorio Lopez y Fuentes (Mexican)
1895-1966
Setting
Rural Mexico, early 20th century
Main character
Lencho — poor farmer with deep faith
Key amount
Asked for 100 pesos; received 70
Central device
Irony
Helpers accused as thieves
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Common mistakes & fixes

These are the exact errors that cost students marks in board exams. Read them once, save yourself the trouble.

WATCH OUT
Story set in India
Set in MEXICO. Universal themes make it relatable to Indian farmers.
WATCH OUT
God actually answers letter
Postmaster and postal workers collect money. Lencho believes it's God.
WATCH OUT
Lencho thanks the postal workers
OPPOSITE — accuses them of stealing 30 pesos in second letter.

Practice problems

Try each one yourself before tapping "Show solution". Active recall > rereading.

Q1EASY· Character
Who was Lencho?
Show solution
✦ Answer: Lencho was a poor Mexican farmer who lived on top of a hill with his family. He had deep, unshakeable faith in God and was hardworking but somewhat naive.
Q2MEDIUM· Plot
Why was Lencho disappointed with the reply from God?
Show solution
Step 1 — Lencho's request. He asked for 100 pesos in his letter. Step 2 — What he received. Only 70 pesos in an envelope marked 'God'. Step 3 — His reaction. Disappointed and angry, NOT grateful. Counted the money and assumed God would never send less than asked. Step 4 — His conclusion. Believed the postal workers stole 30 pesos. ✦ Answer: Lencho was disappointed because he received only 70 pesos instead of the 100 he had asked for. His complete faith convinced him God would have sent the full amount, so he assumed the postal workers had stolen 30 pesos.
Q3HARD· Theme
Discuss the irony in 'A Letter to God' and how it shapes the story's message.
Show solution
Step 1 — Define irony. Irony = a contrast between what is expected and what actually happens. Here, situational irony dominates. Step 2 — Set-up. Lencho's crops are destroyed by hail. He has deep, unwavering faith in God and writes a letter asking God for 100 pesos. Step 3 — The kind act. The postmaster is moved by Lencho's faith. He doesn't want to shake it. He collects money from postal employees and adds his own share. They manage 70 pesos — less than 100 — and send it in an envelope marked 'God'. Step 4 — The expected response. We expect Lencho to be GRATEFUL — to the postal workers (if he knew) or to God. Step 5 — The actual response (irony). Lencho is ANGRY. He believes God would never short-change him. He accuses the postal workers — the very people who helped him — of being THIEVES who stole 30 pesos. Step 6 — Layers of irony. • The helpers are accused of stealing. • The 'God' he thanked was actually kind humans. • His faith, meant to be a virtue, blinds him to human goodness. • Trying to help, the postmaster gets called a 'crook'. Step 7 — Message of the story. • Faith can be both inspiring and blinding. • Good deeds often go unappreciated. • Human nature is complex — even when we help, we may be misunderstood. • The story doesn't condemn faith or kindness; it shows their messy intersection. Step 8 — Author's craft. Gregorio Lopez y Fuentes used irony to comment on rural faith, naivety, and the silent goodness of strangers. The story stays with the reader precisely because the ending defies expectations. ✦ Answer: The central irony is that Lencho, whose deep faith leads him to write to God, accuses the very humans (postal workers and postmaster) who anonymously helped him of being thieves. The expected gratitude is replaced by suspicion. This irony delivers the story's message: faith can blind us to human kindness, and good deeds often go unappreciated. The author uses irony not to mock faith but to show the complexity of human nature.

5-minute revision

The whole chapter, distilled. Read this the night before the exam.

  • Author: Gregorio Lopez y Fuentes (Mexican)
  • Setting: rural Mexico, early 20th century
  • Main character: Lencho — poor farmer, deep faith
  • Crops destroyed by hail
  • Lencho asks God for 100 pesos by letter
  • Postmaster collects 70 pesos from staff
  • Lencho receives 70 pesos, blames postal workers
  • Writes second letter accusing post office
  • Central device: SITUATIONAL IRONY
  • Themes: faith, irony, anonymous kindness, human nature

CBSE marks blueprint

Where the marks come from in this chapter — so you can plan your prep.

Typical chapter weightage: 8-10 marks

Question typeMarks eachTypical countWhat it tests
MCQ/Short1-22Plot, characters
Short answer31Theme analysis
Long answer5-61Character/theme essay
Prep strategy
  • Read story twice
  • Note irony examples
  • Practice character sketches
  • Connect to Indian farmer context

Where this shows up in the real world

This chapter isn't just an exam topic — it lives in the world around you.

Indian farmer context

80%+ of Indian farmers are small/marginal. Like Lencho, they depend on monsoons and face crop loss to floods, droughts, hail.

PM Fasal Bima Yojana

Indian crop insurance scheme protects farmers from natural disasters — modern version of help Lencho needed.

Anonymous giving

The postmaster's silent help echoes Indian tradition of 'gupt daan' (anonymous charity).

Exam strategy

Battle-tested tips from teachers and toppers for this chapter.

  1. Quote Lencho's lines for character questions
  2. Always explain WHY irony matters
  3. Connect to Indian rural reality if asked
  4. For long answers, use intro-body-conclusion structure

Going beyond the textbook

For olympiad aspirants and curious learners — topics that build on this chapter.

  • Read other Gregorio Lopez y Fuentes stories
  • Study irony in O. Henry's 'Gift of the Magi'
  • Compare to Premchand's farmer stories

Where else this chapter is tested

CBSE board isn't the only one — other exams test this chapter too.

CBSE Class 10 BoardVery High
NTSEMedium

Questions students ask

The real ones — pulled from the Q&A community and tutor sessions.

He was deeply moved by Lencho's pure faith in God and didn't want to shake that faith. He wanted Lencho to keep believing. He collected from staff and added his own salary — an act of silent, anonymous kindness.

It shows BOTH sides: humans can be incredibly kind anonymously (postmaster) AND deeply ungrateful (Lencho). Human nature is complex. Good intentions can be misunderstood. Faith can blind us to the goodness around us.
Verified by the tuition.in editorial team
Last reviewed on 20 May 2026. Written and reviewed by subject-matter experts — read about our process.
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